Science+Chapter+19,+MOTION

C19 MOTION
Motion can be observed, measured and described.

I**. What Factors Affect Motion?** A. Forces and Motion 1. To detect motion need a frame of reference 2. The place an object is located is its position 3. Some forces working on a flying airplane are drag and trust, lift and gravity 4. A maglev train uses magnetic force to move

B. Speed and Velocity 1. Speed = distance / time 2. Speed in a particular direction is velocity 3. Can change velocity by changing direction

C. Acceleration 1. Acceleration = change in velocity /(divided by) time 2. The change can be in either speed or direction 3. A motorcycle with constant speed in the same direction has zero acceleration

D. Momentum 1. A property of motion 2. Momentum describes how hard it is to slow down an object 3. Momentum depends on an object’s mass and velocity

E. Summary: Motion happened when an object changes position. Different forces affect position. Speed, velocity, acceleration and momentum are used to describe motion and position.

**II. What Are the Laws of Motion?** A. Newton’s First Law 1. Isaac Newton scientist, described laws of motion, gravity, & experiments with light & prisms 2. The tendency of objects to resist a CHANGE in motion is inertia 3. 3. 1st law No acceleration without a force

B. Newton’s Second Law of Motion 1. 2nd law - acceleration depends on force applied and object’s mass 2. Acceleration = force / (divided by) mass

C. Newton’s Third Law of Motion [|Newton's 3rd Law of Motion] 1. 3rd – when an object applies a force to a second object, the second objects applies and equal and opposite force to the first 2. Forces always occur in pairs

D. Motion in Space 1. Inertia keeps shuttle moving 2. Earth’s gravity pulls on space shuttle 3. shuttle falls same amount as curve of Earth 4. Same thing is happening between planets and moons

E. Summary: Isaac Newton described the effects of forces in three laws of motion: objects don’t change unless a force acts on them; the amount object moves depends on amount of force and object’s mass, and for every action there is an equal an opposite reaction. The moon is “falling” around the earth.

Position _ __Speed__ __Velocity__ Acceleration Inertia
 * VOCABULARY**

[|SIMPLE MACHINES GAME]

[|Newton's 1st Law of Motion] Newton's 2nd Law of Motion

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